Lower-Level Enforcement, Racial Disparities, and Alternatives to Arrest: A Review of Research and Practice from 1970 to 2021
February 2023
Low-Level Enforcement
DCJ publishes research that shows the impact of discretionary law enforcement policies and practices, including stops, arrests, and summons issuance.
Desk Appearance Tickets in New York State in 2019
February 2021
Trends in Issuance of Criminal Summonses in New York City, 2003–2019
December 2020
Misdemeanor Enforcement Trends Across Seven U.S. Jurisdictions
October 2020
Tracking Enforcement Trends in New York City: 2003-2018
September 2020
Desk Appearance Tickets in New York State in 2018
May 2020